Constipation

Symptoms

Spotting illness early gives the best chance of a cure, so check your fish daily at feeding time. A swollen belly, stringy faeces trailing from the fish, reduced appetite and difficulty swimming normally. Common in goldfish and bettas. If you see several of these signs together, act promptly rather than waiting.

Causes

Almost always caused by overfeeding, a diet too high in dry or protein foods, and too little fibre. Gulping air with floating food makes it worse. In nearly every case the underlying trigger is stress, poor water quality, or the introduction of an infected fish - all of which weaken a fish's natural defences.

Treatment

Fast the fish for 2-3 days, then feed a blanched, de-shelled pea or daphnia to add fibre. Switch to soaked or sinking food and feed less.

While treating, increase aeration, remove activated carbon from the filter (it absorbs medication), finish the full course even after the fish looks better, and keep the water immaculate with regular changes. Always dose for the tank's true water volume and follow the product instructions.

Prevention

Feed a varied diet with vegetable matter, soak dry foods, avoid overfeeding, and include a weekly fasting day. The golden rules are simple: quarantine every new fish for 2-4 weeks, never overstock or overfeed, avoid sudden temperature or chemistry swings, and do regular partial water changes. A stable, clean, low-stress aquarium prevents the large majority of disease.

FAQ

This information is general guidance, not veterinary advice. Consult an aquatic vet for serious cases.